Definition
The word 'compression' means 'reduction'.
Data compression is a process of encoding information applying some specific encoding scheme.
It is used for storing the data as well as for transmission.
When we receive the data it should be converted into its original form. Sometimes we may not be able to receive the original form of information after decodinng of compressed data, especially in case of pictures.
the goal of data compression is to store information source as accurately as possible using the fewest number of bits.
Need of data compression.
It is useful for reducing the compsumption of expensive resourses like hard disk space (Secondary Storage Devices) or transmission bandwidth.
The design of data compression schemes involves trade-offs among various facttors like the degree of compression, the amount of distortion introduced and the computational resources required to compress and uncompress the data.
To reduce the storage space.
To increase the capacity of the communication channel.
Information security - Data compression often changes the format of the original message. So it can be used for sensitive data to make it secure to some extent.
Backup
Most of the organizations maintain huge data with duplicate set known as backup.
Backup needs a huge storage space because after a certain period of time it needs to have a copy of the original data. Data compression is also widely used in backup utilities.
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