tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-89731270619061625042024-02-26T14:54:04.007+05:30Computer Learning CentreThe search of knowledge is the path to paradise.Inspirationshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05568135084795206828noreply@blogger.comBlogger258125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8973127061906162504.post-79519398443724716902019-08-09T11:20:00.004+05:302021-05-26T09:28:13.460+05:30Basic Language System Commands<br />
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<h2>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;"><a href="https://computerlearningcentre.blogspot.com/2019/02/more-on-understanding-basic-language.html" target="_blank">Continuation from "More on understanding basic language</a></span></b></h2>
<h2>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">SOME SYSTEM COMMANDS<o:p></o:p></span></b></h2>
<span style="mso-bookmark: system_commands;"></span>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 14pt; text-align: justify;">These commands
are used without line numbers. They are executed as soon as we press the Enter
Key. </span><b style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 14pt; text-align: justify;">They are also called direct mode
commands.</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">1. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">REM</b>: REM is a short form of Remark; It
is used to give heading for the program. It is a non-executable command. REM
command can be given anywhere in the program.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">SYNTAX<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">LineNo
REM Comment<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">E.g.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">10
REM This is a program for print 2 numbers<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">20
PRINT 5, 6<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">30
REM Now we can add the numbers<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">40
PRINT 5 + 6<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">50
END<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">RUN<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">OUTPUT<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">5<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>6<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">11<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">OK<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">2. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">CLS</b>: CLS is a command used for clearing
the screen. This command wipes out whatever is displayed on the monitor.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">SYNTAX<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">CLS<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">E.g.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">10
PRINT 4<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">20
PRINT 8<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">30
PRINT “JOHN”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">40
END<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">RUN<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">OUTPUT<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">4<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">8<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">JOHN<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">OK<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">CLS<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">After
CLS Command, the screen becomes clear of all data.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">3.
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">RUN</b>: RUN Command tells your computer
to read the program instructions and execute them. To execute RUN command,
press the function key F2.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">SYNTAX<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">RUN<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">E.g.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">10
PRINT “LET”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">20
PRINT “US”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">30
PRINT “GO”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">40
END<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">RUN<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">OK<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">OUTPUT<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">LET<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">US<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">GO<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">4. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">LIST</b>: LIST command lists out all the
instructions stored in the computer’s memory. It arranges a program in the
ascending order and displays all the instructions. To execute RUN command,
press the function key F1.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">SYNTAX<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">LIST
LineNo<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">E.g.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">10
PRINT “WILLIAM”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">20
PRINT “BERNAD”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">15
PRINT “SHAKESPEARE”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">25
PRINT “SHAW”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">LIST<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">OUTPUT<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">10
PRINT “WILLIAM”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">15
PRINT “SHAKESPEARE”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">20
PRINT “BERNAD”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">25
PRINT “SHAW”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">5.
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">NEW</b> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 14pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-no-proof: yes; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;">à</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;"> New command wipes the old program from the
computer’s memory. It is food practice to type NEW and press ENTER key before
starting a NEW program.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">SYNTAX<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">NEW<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">6. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">DELETE</b>: As the name indicates, this
command is used to remove any unwanted line from your program.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">SYNTAX<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">DELETE
<line no=""><o:p></o:p></line></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">E.g.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">10
PRINT 5<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">20
PRINT 3<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">30
PRINT 10<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">40
END<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">One
line can be removed by typing DELETE 20.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">Line
no 20 will be removed from the memory.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">Now
LIST command should be used to view the program<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">10
PRINT 5<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">30
PRINT 10<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">40
END<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<h3>
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt;">POINTS
TO REMEMBER<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">1. REM or REMARK
statement is used as the heading of the title of the program<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">2. CLS command
is used to clear the screen.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">3. NEW command
clears the program form the memory of the computer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">4. DELETE
command is used to remove any line from the program.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14pt;">5.
RUN command executes the program.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h3><br /></h3>
Inspirationshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05568135084795206828noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8973127061906162504.post-89639010628870064842019-02-20T08:04:00.000+05:302019-02-20T08:04:39.400+05:30More on "Understanding Basic Language "<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">This is a continuation from: </span></b><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b><a href="https://computerlearningcentre.blogspot.com/2019/02/understanding-basic-language.html" target="_blank">Understanding Basic Language</a></b></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">Mathematical
Operators<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<span style="mso-bookmark: Math_operators;"></span>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 14pt;">To
carry out arithmetic operations in programming language, mathematical operators
are used. Some of these operators are given below:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">Operations<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Operator<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">Addition<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>+<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">Subtraction<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>-<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">Multiplication<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>x<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">Division<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>/<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">Greater
than<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">Lesser
than<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">Exponential<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>^<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">Non
equal<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">Expressions<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">An
expression is something the interpreter calculates (or evaluates).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">Some
examples given below:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">A
= 24<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">B
= 25<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">C
= A + B (returns 49)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">A
= 120<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">B
= 12<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">C
= A / B (returns 10)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">A
= 34<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">B
= 26<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">C
= A - B (returns 8)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">A
= 200<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">B
= 100<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">C
= (A * 3) + B (returns 700)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">A
= 3<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">B
= 2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">C
= A ^ B (returns 9)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h3>
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></h3>
<h3>
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt;">Evaluate
the following:<o:p></o:p></span></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">100
+ 50/2 =<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">100
+ 5 – 90 =<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">82
– (3 x 20 + 4) =<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">3<sup>2</sup>
– 2<sup>3</sup> =<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">40
/ 21 + (20 – 2) =<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">When
the Basic Interpreter is loaded into the memory of the computer, the Basic
Interface screen will open.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-no-proof: yes;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shapetype
id="_x0000_t75" coordsize="21600,21600" o:spt="75" o:preferrelative="t"
path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" filled="f" stroked="f">
<v:stroke joinstyle="miter"/>
<v:formulas>
<v:f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0"/>
<v:f eqn="sum @0 1 0"/>
<v:f eqn="sum 0 0 @1"/>
<v:f eqn="prod @2 1 2"/>
<v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth"/>
<v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight"/>
<v:f eqn="sum @0 0 1"/>
<v:f eqn="prod @6 1 2"/>
<v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth"/>
<v:f eqn="sum @8 21600 0"/>
<v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight"/>
<v:f eqn="sum @10 21600 0"/>
</v:formulas>
<v:path o:extrusionok="f" gradientshapeok="t" o:connecttype="rect"/>
<o:lock v:ext="edit" aspectratio="t"/>
</v:shapetype><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_1" o:spid="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75"
style='width:167.4pt;height:140.4pt;visibility:visible'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\hp\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image001.jpg"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="234" src="file:///C:/Users/hp/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.jpg" v:shapes="Picture_x0020_1" width="279" /><!--[endif]--></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">Type your first
program:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">10
PRINT “Welcome to the World of BASIC”<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">Press F2 to run
the program. You will see the output as follows:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-no-proof: yes;"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_61" o:spid="_x0000_i1026"
type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:273.6pt;height:143.4pt;visibility:visible'>
<v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\hp\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image003.jpg"
o:title=""/>
</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img height="239" src="file:///C:/Users/hp/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image004.jpg" v:shapes="Picture_x0020_61" width="456" /><!--[endif]--></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">Press
any key to return to the main screen.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="important_commands"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">Some
Important Commands</span></b></a><span style="mso-bookmark: important_commands;"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">- A <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">command</i> tells the Basic Interpreter to
perform a certain task.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">PRINT</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">: The
PRINT command tells the Interpreter to print something on the screen. In the
above case the interpreter prints – “Welcome to the World of Basic”.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">Try
the following examples<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">PRINT
5 + 10 * 2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">25<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">PRINT
“ROSE & LOTUS”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">ROSE
& LOTUS<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">PRINT
“COMPUTER”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">COMPUTER<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">PRINT
3 ^ 2 * 5<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">45<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">PRINT
“SACHIN”<span style="mso-tab-count: 5;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">SACHIN<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">PRINT
“Rahul” ; “Dravid”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">RahulDravid<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">PRINT
“Rahul” , “Dravid”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">Rahul<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Dravid<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">If
a <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">List of Instructions</b> has to be
given, line numbers will have to be used.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">Try the
following examples:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">10 PRINT 100<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">20 END<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">RUN<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">100<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">OK<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 10.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">10 PRINT 15<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">20 PRINT 15 + 15<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">30 END<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">RUN<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">15<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">30<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">OK<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">10
PRINT “THE LOST”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">20
PRINT “WORLD”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">30
END<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">RUN<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">THE
LOST<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">WORLD<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">OK<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">10
PRINT “ROHIT”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">20
END<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">30
PRINT “RAM”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">RUN<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">ROHIT<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">OK<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">END</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">: The
last statement of a program is END. END terminates the program. It means that
the program is complete and the computer will ignore any line number given
after the END statement.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">POINTS
TO REMEMBER<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">- PRINT
statement displays anything written after it. It may be data or result.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">- END statement
is used to terminate the program.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">- Once program
is over, RUN command is given to execute the program.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">- When a
Computer has to do more than one calculation then it follows <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">BODMAS</b> Rule.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">B
</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-no-proof: yes; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;">à</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">
Brackets<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">O
</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-no-proof: yes; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;">à</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;"> Of<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">D
</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-no-proof: yes; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;">à</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">
Division<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">M
</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-no-proof: yes; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;">à</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">
Multiplication<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">A
</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-no-proof: yes; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;">à</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">
Addition<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">S
</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-no-proof: yes; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;">à</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">
Subtraction<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 10.0pt;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">State “True” or “False”<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">1) PRINT command
cannot be given with line numbers.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">2) For division
we use “ / “ sign.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">3) Non-Numeric
data is displayed as it is.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">4) The computer
will ignore any line number given after END statement.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt;">5) Non-Numeric
information is written in double quotation marks.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />Inspirationshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05568135084795206828noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8973127061906162504.post-53562297591510849452019-02-06T08:06:00.006+05:302021-05-26T09:26:02.360+05:30Understanding Basic Language<p><a href="https://www.smashwords.com/books/view/1086159?ref=DurgeshNandini"><img align="left" src="https://dwtr67e3ikfml.cloudfront.net/bookCovers/7769a796ae2b037ff65339e523b49ee303968900-tiny" style="margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-right: 1em;" valign="top" />Words on Paper</a> by <a href="https://www.smashwords.com/profile/view/michaelrosswriter?ref=DurgeshNandini">Michael Ross</a>. $2.99 from <a href="https://www.smashwords.com/?ref=DurgeshNandini">Smashwords.com</a><br />"Life is not algebra but in life sometimes, just sometimes, two minuses make a plus." Two strangers, Emma and Will, are divided by a misfortune and feelings of pain that only they can understand, but sometimes an uneven broken road can lead people from tragedy to happiness. A modern love story, with hard edges, as two people battle through their mutual history to find each other.</p>
<p><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="program" style="text-indent: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14pt;">What is a Program?</span></a></p>
<span style="mso-bookmark: program;"></span><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman", serif; font-size: 14pt;">A computer can
be given instructions in the form of a program. Program is a very common word
in your day-to-day life also. For e.g. to post a letter you will</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14pt;">1. Get ready<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14pt;">2. Go to Post
Office<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14pt;">3. Give money to
the Post Master for stamp<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14pt;">4. Take stamp
and fix it on the envelope<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14pt;">5. Post the
letter in the letter box<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14pt;">6. Come back
home<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14pt;">Here, set of instructions
are listed step wise to post a letter. It means that a program was set for you.
A set of instructions is called a program. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;">We give
data and instructions to the computer to do any task. We can define a computer
program, as a set of instructions given to a computer to get desired result.</span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt;">Need
for a Programming Language<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt;">A
language that is encrypted in binary numbers or a language similar to binary
numbers that a computer’s hardware understands is understood more speedily by the
computer. Languages that use English like statements are easier for programmers
to use, but they have to be translated first so that the computer can
understand it.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14pt;">The person who
writes the program for computer is known as Programmer and programs are known
as Software. A computer follows the instructions given by the programmer to
perform a specific job. To perform a particular task, a programmer prepares a
sequence of instructions known as program, which is written in a programming
language.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14pt;">Program</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14pt;">: A
set of instructions given to the computer to execute a task is known as program
and the process of writing is called programming. A person who writes programs
is called a programmer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14pt;">BASIC</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14pt;"> -
Beginners’ All Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code was developed by John G Kemeny
and Thomas E Kurtz at Dartmouth College in U.S.A. in 1964. It is one of the
simplest and easy to use computer languages. Basic is a High Level Programming
Language, also termed as the Interpreter which reads one statement of a program
at a time and executes appropriate instructions leading to some computations.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14pt;">Basic is an
interactive language, meaning it allows interactive communication between the
user and the computer during the execution of programs.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14pt;">Like other
languages, computer languages also have grammar. Grammar used for any computer
language is known as Syntax of that language.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoBodyText" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt;">We have
to follow some rules and these rules are known as Syntax rules. While writing a
program if we make a mistake in the syntax, then computer displays error
message “Syntax Error”.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 12;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="syntax"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt;">Syntax
Rules of Basic<o:p></o:p></span></a></h3>
<span style="mso-bookmark: syntax;"></span>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14pt;">1. Basic Program
is made up of lines or statements. A new statement should be written on a new
line.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14pt;">2. All
statements should have a line number.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14pt;">3. Line number
should be a positive integer (whole number).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14pt;">4. No two
statements can have the same line number.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14pt;">5. Line number
should be followed by Basic command.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14pt;">6. Statements
are executed in ascending order only.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14pt;">7. Program
should end with END command. END command should have the highest line number.
Any line number after the END will be ignored.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14pt;">8. Usually line
numbers are given in the multiples of 10s.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14pt;">We have to
provide data to the computer in the form of a program. Data are made up of
different characters.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14pt;">Characters</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14pt;">: Any
sign or symbol is known as a character. The basic character set is made up of
Alphabets, Numbers, and Special signs. For e.g. A to Z, 0 to 9, # “ $ etc.
Blank space is also considered as a character.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14pt;">Data</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14pt;">:
Data is a fact. Data consists of character set. Data is processes to get
information. Processed data is called result. Data is of two types: Numeric and
Non-Numeric.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14pt;">Numeric</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14pt;">:
This information has only numbers. These numbers can be positive, negative,
fractional or integer. Information regarding age, time, height, weight will
always be a number. Numeric data is used for mathematical calculations e.g. 45.
67.7. 34x4, 89+4 etc.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14pt;">Non-numeric</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14pt;">:
This information consists of numbers, alphabets or any other special sign. Non
numeric information is generally written in quotation marks in the computer
programs. With non-numeric information one cannot do Mathematical calculation.
E.g.”Roshan” , “45 apples “ , “ $%”.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14pt;">Process</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14pt;">:
Process means work done on the information. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14pt;">Result</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 14pt;">: The
processed data are called result. </span><a href="https://computerlearningcentre.blogspot.com/2019/02/more-on-understanding-basic-language.html" target="_blank"><b><span style="font-size: large;">NEXT PAGE>></span></b></a></div>
Inspirationshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05568135084795206828noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8973127061906162504.post-39439198686171090742018-02-26T10:40:00.000+05:302018-02-26T10:40:10.133+05:30Memtransistor' brings world closer to brain-like computingThis below article is form the www.sciencedaily.com website.<br />
<br />
Computer algorithms might be performing brain-like functions, such as facial recognition and language translation, but the computers themselves have yet to operate like brains.<br />
<br />
"Computers have separate processing and memory storage units, whereas the brain uses neurons to perform both functions," said Northwestern University's Mark C. Hersam. "Neural networks can achieve complicated computation with significantly lower energy consumption compared to a digital computer."<br />
<br />
In recent years, researchers have searched for ways to make computers more neuromorphic, or brain-like, in order to perform increasingly complicated tasks with high efficiency. Now Hersam, a Walter P. Murphy Professor of Materials Science and Engineering in Northwestern's McCormick School of Engineering, and his team are bringing the world closer to realizing this goal<br />
<br />
<a href="https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/02/180221152350.htm" target="_blank">CONTINUE READING >>>></a>Inspirationshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05568135084795206828noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8973127061906162504.post-45919092104056032172018-01-24T07:40:00.000+05:302018-01-24T07:40:01.123+05:30Artificial intelligenceThe modern definition of artificial intelligence (or AI) is "the study and design of intelligent agents" where an intelligent agent is a system that perceives its environment and takes actions which maximizes its chances of success.<br />
<br />
John McCarthy, who coined the term in 1956, defines it as "the science and engineering of making intelligent machines."<br />
<br />
<a href="https://www.sciencedaily.com/terms/artificial_intelligence.htm" target="_blank">CONTINUE READING >></a>Inspirationshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05568135084795206828noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8973127061906162504.post-56567914485585263852017-09-23T09:24:00.001+05:302017-09-23T09:24:16.026+05:30Download E-Books<span style="background-color: white;"><b><br /></b></span>
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Inspirationshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05568135084795206828noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8973127061906162504.post-60684187614941409282017-08-23T10:32:00.002+05:302021-04-21T09:33:48.011+05:30Computer MemoryMemory is major part of computers that categories into several types. Memory is best storage part to the computer users to save information, programs and etc, The computer memory offer several kinds of storage media some of them can store data temporarily and some them can store permanently. Memory consists of instructions and the data saved into computer through Central Processing Unit (CPU).<br />
<br />
<p><a href="https://www.smashwords.com/books/view/1080622?ref=DurgeshNandini"><img src="https://dwtr67e3ikfml.cloudfront.net/bookCovers/7dd779673aec49902a389d98e855d8eee3c55d93-tiny" align="left" valign="top" style="margin-right: 1em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;" />Sixteen Thorns</a> by <a href="https://www.smashwords.com/profile/view/Walkingwithtinker3?ref=DurgeshNandini">Maureen Brannigan</a>. $6.99 from <a href="https://www.smashwords.com/?ref=DurgeshNandini">Smashwords.com</a><br/>The ancient treasure, The Rock of Ages, has been stolen. Megan Cameron (journalist and hotel co-owner) worries her godmother is the thief. Unusual people arrive on Arran, Scotland, including handsome, mysterious Ben. Megan unearths information about the Rock. Her world and heart are turned upside down. Her suspicions are quashed in a harrowing stand-off with the true thief on the Holy Isle.</p>
The performance of computer mainly based on memory and CPU. Memory is internal storage media of computer that has several names such as majorly categorized into two types, Main memory and Secondary memory.<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiEZ_s6wTst00Y24ukNXX6pTNCWM5VtzRnOKAJDk5q71Qj2ZEDywNN7T48nNjgAMXCTfOMB6YAI18fLLmw0PppFOrO-1XsWKcAz6nhlnyWu6LKSLr4RJN7IOn5LZNLBHimFcgK0LRtLSrOF/s1600/Memory.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="406" data-original-width="426" height="304" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiEZ_s6wTst00Y24ukNXX6pTNCWM5VtzRnOKAJDk5q71Qj2ZEDywNN7T48nNjgAMXCTfOMB6YAI18fLLmw0PppFOrO-1XsWKcAz6nhlnyWu6LKSLr4RJN7IOn5LZNLBHimFcgK0LRtLSrOF/s320/Memory.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
1. Primary Memory / Volatile Memory:<br />
<br />
Primary Memory also called as volatile memory because the memory can’t store the data permanently. Primary memory select any part of memory when user want to save the data in memory but that may not be store permanently on that location. It also has another name i.e. RAM.<br />
<br />
Random Access Memory (RAM):<br />
<br />
The primary storage is referred to as random access memory (RAM) due to the random selection of memory locations. It performs both read and write operations on memory. If power failures happened in systems during memory access then you will lose your data permanently. So, RAM is volatile memory. RAM categorized into following types.<br />
<br />
DRAM<br />
SRAM<br />
DRDRAM<br />
<br />
2. Secondary Memory / Non Volatile Memory:<br />
<br />
Secondary memory is external and permanent memory that is useful to store the external storage media such as floppy disk, magnetic disks, magnetic tapes and etc cache devices. Secondary memory deals with following types of components.<br />
<br />
Read Only Memory (ROM) :<br />
<br />
ROM is permanent memory location that offer huge types of standards to save data. But it work with read only operation. No data lose happen whenever power failure occur during the ROM memory work in computers.<br />
<br />
ROM memory has several models such names are following.<br />
<br />
1. PROM: Programmable Read Only Memory (PROM) maintains large storage media but can’t offer the erase features in ROM. This type of RO maintains PROM chips to write data once and read many. The programs or instructions designed in PROM can’t be erased by other programs.<br />
<br />
2. EPROM : Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory designed for recover the problems of PROM and ROM. Users can delete the data of EPROM thorough pass on ultraviolet light and it erases chip is reprogrammed.<br />
<br />
3. EEPROM: Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory similar to the EPROM but it uses electrical beam for erase the data of ROM.<br />
<br />
Cache Memory: Mina memory less than the access time of CPU so, the performance will decrease through less access time. Speed mismatch will decrease through maintain cache memory. Main memory can store huge amount of data but the cache memory normally kept small and low expensive cost. All types of external media like Magnetic disks, Magnetic drives and etc store in cache memory to provide quick access tools to the users.Inspirationshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05568135084795206828noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8973127061906162504.post-84816353290508044882017-07-08T09:49:00.003+05:302017-07-08T09:49:44.483+05:30Beginnners should learn these simple Programming Languages<span style="font-family: inherit;">1. Python</span><br />
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;">The coolest coding language to learn for the first time beginners is
Python. Python is open source and free to use, even for commercial
applications. It is usually referred to as a scripting language, allowing programmers
to create out large numbers of easily readable and functional code in short
periods of time. It’s also dynamic, and supports object-oriented, procedural,
and functional programming styles, among others. Python is one of the most
widely used high-level programming languages today.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;">Python is used by companies such
as Google, Yahoo! and NASA. Django is the web application framework written by
Python, which powers very popular sites such as Instagram, Pinterest and The
New York Times.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: inherit;">2. Ruby</span><br />
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;">Ruby is simple, readable and for people who don’t have any kind of
programming experience. Ruby is a dynamic, object-oriented scripting language
that is used in the development of websites and mobile apps. It is the language
that powers their framework, Ruby on Rails, which is behind websites such as
Twitter, Groupon and GitHub. It is also mostly used for backend development,
and popular sites such as Airbnb, Shopify, Bloomberg, Hulu, and Slideshare.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;">When learning Ruby, you don’t
have to learn a billion new commands, like in some other coding languages. Its
developer, Yukihiro Matsumoto, has designed it to be easy and practical.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;">It is easy to learn with a
helpful 20 minute quick start guide on the official Ruby website. There are a
lot of documentation available as well as great resources that will help you to
understand Ruby from the very beginning.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: inherit;">3. JavaScript</span><br />
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;">JavaScript is a primarily client-side scripting language used for
front-end development. Java is a programming language while JavaScript is a
scripting language. JavaScript is the most commonly used programming language
to create cool websites and games for the web. It is dynamic and is flexible to
use on object-oriented programming. It derives much of its syntax from The C
Language.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;">It runs on every single
platform and is already in your browser for you to start learning, which means
you need not install it. If you want to build anything for the web, then
JavaScript must be on your list of programs to learn. However, JavaScript is
also known to be a difficult language as it is untyped and thus is difficult to
debug.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: inherit;">4. Java</span><br />
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: inherit;">Java is one of the most popular and general purpose programming language in the world. It is a class-based, object-oriented language and designed to be portable, which means that you can find it on all platforms, operating systems and devices.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: inherit;">Java is usually used to build Android apps, desktop apps, and video games. It is also commonly used as a server-side language for enterprise-level backend development. In addition, it adds to the capabilities of the C++ language. So, if you already have knowledge of C++, it will help with learning Java.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: inherit;">Java programming is a highly sought after skill, as having knowledge of it opens a lot of avenues in terms of employment. If you want to give it a try, go to Learn Java Online and start with the lessons today.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: inherit;">5. C/C++</span><br />
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: inherit;">C is often used to program system software and is the lingua franca of Operating Systems. C has influenced almost all programming languages, especially C++. So, if you know C well, you would probably have less difficulty picking up other popular languages.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: inherit;">On the other hand, C++ is a powerful language based on C, which has added object-oriented features like classes to the language, along with virtual functions and templates. C++ is another of the world’s most popular programming languages and is designed for programming systems software. It is still widely used to build games/game engines, desktop apps, mobile apps, and web apps. C++ is powerful and fast, which has been used to build software such as Adobe Systems, Amazon, Paypal, Chrome, and more. Much like C, C++ is generally considered harder for beginners to learn on their own. </span><br />
<div style="height: 0px;">
x</div>
Inspirationshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05568135084795206828noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8973127061906162504.post-51623682993686592802017-02-02T10:24:00.000+05:302017-02-02T10:24:09.256+05:30Overview of Computers<b>Two systems of computers:</b><br />
1) PC – the Personal Computer <br />
2) Mac – the Apple Macintosh.<br />
<br />
<b>Two designs of computers:</b><br />
1) desktop<br />
2) laptop (notebook)<br />
<br />
<b>Computer architecture: </b><br />
<b>Main components of a computer Multimedia devices Other peripheral devices</b><br />
<br />
1) computer 1) CD-ROM / DVD drive 1) printer <br />
2) monitor 2) video card 2) scanner <br />
3) hard disk/ hard drive 3) soundcard 3) CD-recorder,CD-R/CD- RW 4) keyboard 4) speakers 4) modem <br />
5) mouse / trackball / 5) headphones / headset 5) USB flash drive <br />
touch pad 6) microphone 6) webcam <br />
7) digital camera<br />
8) digital voice recorder <br />
9) camcorder<br />
<b>Inside the Computer</b><br />
<b><br /></b>
<b>1) Processor:</b><br />
The CPU (Central Processing Unit), a complete computation engine that is fabricated on a single chip, is the computer’s brain. It is sometimes referred to as the central processor, microprocessor, or just processor. Two typical components of a CPU are: 1) the arithmetic logic unit (ALU), which performs arithmetic and logical operations, and 2) the control unit, which extracts instructions from memory and decodes and executes them, calling on the ALU when necessary.<br />
<br />
<b>2) Memory:</b><br />
ROM (Read Only Memory) is the computer’s permanent, long-term memory. Tere are types of ROM called PROM that can be altered. The P stands for programmable. ROM's purpose is to store the basic input/output system (BIOS) that controls the start-up, or boot process.<br />
RAM (Random Access Memory) is a working area where the operating system (e.g. Windows), programs and data in current use are kept, ready to be accessed by the processor. It is the best known form of computer memory. However, RAM, unlike ROM, is emptied when the computer is switched off. The more RAM you have, the quicker and more powerful your computer is.<br />
There are two basic types of RAM: dynamic RAM (DRAM) and static RAM (SRAM).<br />
The two types differ in the technology they use to hold data. DRAM, the more common type, needs to be refreshed thousands of times per second. SRAM does not need to be refreshed, which makes it faster, but it is also more expensive than DRAM.<br />
<br />
Memory is measure in the following units:<br />
- 1 byte = 8 bits (Each 1 or 0 is called a bit (i.e. binary digit). Each character (i.e. a letter, a number, a space, or a punctuation mark) has its own arrangements of 8 bits, e.g. 01000001 = “A”, 01000010 = “B”.<br />
- 1 KB (kilobyte) = 1024 (210) bytes<br />
- 1 MB (megabyte) = 1024 (210) KB<br />
- 1 GB (gigabyte) = 1024 (210) MB<br />
<br />
Cache (pronounced as "cash") is a buffer (made of a small number of very fast memory chips) between main memory and the processor. It temporarily stores recently accessed or frequently-used data. Whenever the processor needs to read data, it looks in this cache area first. If it finds the data in the cache, then the processor does not need to do more time-consuming reading of data from the main memory. Memory caching allows data to be accessed more quickly.<br />
<br />
<b>Storage Devices</b><br />
The most common forms of storage devices in a home computer are:<br />
- Hard disk drive<br />
- Floppy disk<br />
- CD-ROM<br />
- CD-R and CD-RW<br />
- DVD-ROM<br />
- USB flash drives<br />
<br />
<b>Monitor</b><br />
There are two types of monitors available for PCs: the traditional CRT (cathode ray tube) and the newer LCD (liquid crystal display). The CRT is used for both televisions and computers. It produces a good quality image at a number of different settings for a reasonable price. LCD monitors, also known as flat panel displays, are used in laptop (or notebook) computers and more frequently for desktops as well. They are lighter and smaller (only inches thick) than CRTs with reduced electromagnetic emissions and power consumption.<br />
<br />
<b>Video Card</b><br />
The card here is a jargon for an electronic circuit board. Video cards are also known as graphics cards, which are responsible for displaying 2D and 3D images on your monitor. 2D graphics are the regular pictures and images that appear on your screen while 3D graphics are mostly used in games and imaging.<br />
<br />
<b>Sound Card</b><br />
A sound card is an electronic circuit board that is mounted inside the computer to control sound output to speakers or headphones, to record sound input from a microphone connected to the computer, and to manipulate sound stored on a disk. Sound cards are essential for multimedia applications and have become common on modern personal computers.<br />
Many sound cards are also Windows-compatible. Many multimedia applications require the system to have a Windows-compatible sound card to run properly.<br />
<br />
<b>Ports</b><br />
A port is an interface on a computer to which you can connect a device. Personal computers have various types of ports. Internally, there are several ports for connecting disk drives, monitors, and keyboards. Externally, personal computers have ports for connecting modems, printers, mice, and other peripheral devices.<br />
<br />
There are three common types of external ports that usually come with a computer:<br />
<br />
1) Parallel ports (for most printers)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span><br />
2) Serial ports (for most modems and some mice)<br />
3) USB (Universal Serial Bus) ports (for about every peripheral made in a USB version)<br />
<br />Inspirationshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05568135084795206828noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8973127061906162504.post-22226498928080995582017-01-31T09:41:00.000+05:302017-01-31T09:41:23.360+05:30Java - Basic SyntaxWhen we consider a Java program, it can be defined as a collection of objects that communicate via invoking each other's methods. Let us now briefly look into what do class, object, methods, and instance variables mean.<br />
<br />
<b>Object </b>− Objects have states and behaviors. Example: A dog has states - color, name, breed as well as behavior such as wagging their tail, barking, eating. An object is an instance of a class.<br />
<br />
<b>Class </b>− A class can be defined as a template/blueprint that describes the behavior/state that the object of its type supports.<br />
<br />
<b>Methods </b>− A method is basically a behavior. A class can contain many methods. It is in methods where the logics are written, data is manipulated and all the actions are executed.<br />
<br />
<b>Instance Variables </b>− Each object has its unique set of instance variables. An object's state is created by the values assigned to these instance variables.<br />
<br />Inspirationshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05568135084795206828noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8973127061906162504.post-61707094811029437102017-01-31T09:39:00.000+05:302017-01-31T09:39:23.600+05:30Java - OverviewJava programming language was originally developed by Sun Microsystems which was initiated by James Gosling and released in 1995 as core component of Sun Microsystems' Java platform (Java 1.0 [J2SE]).<br />
<br />
With the advancement of Java and its widespread popularity, multiple configurations were built to suit various types of platforms.<br />
<br />
The new J2 versions were renamed as Java SE, Java EE, and Java ME respectively. Java is guaranteed to be Write Once, Run Anywhere.<br />
<br />
<b>Java is </b><br />
<br />
<b>Object Oriented </b>− In Java, everything is an Object. Java can be easily extended since it is based on the Object model.<br />
<br />
<b>Platform Independent</b> − Unlike many other programming languages including C and C++, when Java is compiled, it is not compiled into platform specific machine, rather into platform independent byte code. This byte code is distributed over the web and interpreted by the Virtual Machine (JVM) on whichever platform it is being run on.<br />
<br />
<b>Simple</b> − Java is designed to be easy to learn. If you understand the basic concept of OOP Java, it would be easy to master.<br />
<br />
<b>Secure</b> − With Java's secure feature it enables to develop virus-free, tamper-free systems. Authentication techniques are based on public-key encryption.<br />
<br />
<b>Architecture-neutral </b>− Java compiler generates an architecture-neutral object file format, which makes the compiled code executable on many processors, with the presence of Java runtime system.<br />
<br />
<b>Portable −</b> Being architecture-neutral and having no implementation dependent aspects of the specification makes Java portable. Compiler in Java is written in ANSI C with a clean portability boundary, which is a POSIX subset.<br />
<br />
<b>Robust</b> − Java makes an effort to eliminate error prone situations by emphasizing mainly on compile time error checking and runtime checking.<br />
<br />
<b>Multithreaded </b>− With Java's multithreaded feature it is possible to write programs that can perform many tasks simultaneously. This design feature allows the developers to construct interactive applications that can run smoothly.<br />
<br />
<b>Interpreted</b> − Java byte code is translated on the fly to native machine instructions and is not stored anywhere. The development process is more rapid and analytical since the linking is an incremental and light-weight process.<br />
<br />
<b>High Performance</b> − With the use of Just-In-Time compilers, Java enables high performance.<br />
<br />
<b>Distributed </b>− Java is designed for the distributed environment of the internet.<br />
<br />
<b>Dynamic</b> − Java is considered to be more dynamic than C or C++ since it is designed to adapt to an evolving environment. Java programs can carry extensive amount of run-time information that can be used to verify and resolve accesses to objects on run-time.<br />
<br />
<b>History of Java</b><br />
<b><br /></b>
James Gosling initiated Java language project in June 1991 for use in one of his many set-top box projects. The language, initially called ‘Oak’ after an oak tree that stood outside Gosling's office, also went by the name ‘Green’ and ended up later being renamed as Java, from a list of random words.<br />
<br />
Sun released the first public implementation as Java 1.0 in 1995. It promised Write Once, Run Anywhere (WORA), providing no-cost run-times on popular platforms.<br />
<br />
On 13 November, 2006, Sun released much of Java as free and open source software under the terms of the GNU General Public License (GPL).<br />
<br />
On 8 May, 2007, Sun finished the process, making all of Java's core code free and open-source, aside from a small portion of code to which Sun did not hold the copyright.Inspirationshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05568135084795206828noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8973127061906162504.post-45513948118910154272017-01-23T10:18:00.001+05:302017-01-23T10:18:34.917+05:30Java String - Programming Examples<a href="http://computerlearningcentre.blogspot.in/2017/01/how-to-compare-two-strings-in-java.html" target="_blank">1. How to compare two strings in Java ?</a><br />
<br />
<a href="http://computerlearningcentre.blogspot.in/2017/01/how-to-search-last-position-of-substring.html" target="_blank">2. How to search the last position of a substring ?</a><br />
<br />
<a href="http://computerlearningcentre.blogspot.in/2017/01/how-to-remove-particular-character-from.html" target="_blank">3. How to remove a particular character from a string ?</a><br />
<br />
<a href="http://computerlearningcentre.blogspot.in/2017/01/how-to-replace-substring-inside-string.html" target="_blank">4. How to replace a substring inside a string by another one ?</a><br />
<br />
<a href="http://computerlearningcentre.blogspot.in/2017/01/how-to-reverse-string.html" target="_blank">5. How to reverse a String?</a><br />
<br />
<a href="http://computerlearningcentre.blogspot.in/2017/01/how-to-search-word-inside-string.html" target="_blank">6. How to search a word inside a string ?</a><br />
<br />
<a href="http://computerlearningcentre.blogspot.in/2017/01/how-to-convert-string-totally-into.html" target="_blank">7. How to convert a string totally into upper case?</a><br />
<br />
<a href="http://computerlearningcentre.blogspot.in/2017/01/how-to-optimize-string-concatenation.html" target="_blank">8. How to optimize string concatenation ?</a>Inspirationshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05568135084795206828noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8973127061906162504.post-32790715112267848512017-01-23T10:10:00.001+05:302017-01-23T10:10:28.441+05:30How to optimize string concatenation ?Following example shows performance of concatenation by using "+" operator and StringBuffer.append() method.<br />
<br />
public class StringConcatenate {<br />
public static void main(String[] args) {<br />
long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();<br />
<br />
for(int i = 0;i<5000 i="" p=""> String result = "This is"<br />
+ "testing the"<br />
+ "difference"+ "between"<br />
+ "String"+ "and"+ "StringBuffer";<br />
}<br />
long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();<br />
System.out.println("Time taken for string"<br />
+ "concatenation using + operator : "<br />
+ (endTime - startTime)+ " ms");<br />
long startTime1 = System.currentTimeMillis();<br />
<br />
for(int i = 0;i<5000 i="" p=""> StringBuffer result = new StringBuffer();<br />
result.append("This is");<br />
result.append("testing the");<br />
result.append("difference");<br />
result.append("between");<br />
result.append("String");<br />
result.append("and");<br />
result.append("StringBuffer");<br />
}<br />
long endTime1 = System.currentTimeMillis();<br />
System.out.println("Time taken for String concatenation"<br />
+ "using StringBuffer : "<br />
+ (endTime1 - startTime1)+ " ms");<br />
}<br />
}<br />
<br />
<b>Result</b><br />
<b>The above code sample will produce the following result. The result may vary.</b><br />
<b><br /></b>
<b>Time taken for stringconcatenation using + operator : 0 ms</b><br />
<b>Time taken for String concatenationusing StringBuffer : 22 ms</b><br />
<b><br /></b>
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<br />
<b>How to do string concatenation ?</b><br />
<br />
Following example shows concatenation string. This method returns a String with the value of the String passed into the method, appended to the end of the String, used to invoke this method.<br />
<br />
public class HelloWorld {<br />
public static void main(String []args) {<br />
String s = "Hello";<br />
s = s.concat("word");<br />
System.out.print(s);<br />
}<br />
}<br />
<br />
<b>Result</b><br />
<b>The above code sample will produce the following result. The result may vary.</b><br />
<b><br /></b>
<b>Helloword</b></5000></5000>Inspirationshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05568135084795206828noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8973127061906162504.post-13049040018099987632017-01-23T10:07:00.003+05:302017-01-23T10:07:53.957+05:30How to convert a string totally into upper case?Following example changes the case of a string to upper case by using String toUpperCase() method.<br />
<br />
public class StringToUpperCaseEmp {<br />
public static void main(String[] args) {<br />
String str = "string abc touppercase ";<br />
String strUpper = str.toUpperCase();<br />
System.out.println("Original String: " + str);<br />
System.out.println("String changed to upper case: " + strUpper);<br />
}<br />
}<br />
<br />
<b>Result</b><br />
<b>The above code sample will produce the following result.</b><br />
<b><br /></b>
<b>Original String: string abc touppercase </b><br />
<b>String changed to upper case: STRING ABC TOUPPERCASE </b>Inspirationshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05568135084795206828noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8973127061906162504.post-31357857708896828342017-01-23T10:06:00.001+05:302017-01-23T10:06:27.172+05:30How to search a word inside a string ?This example shows how we can search a word within a String object using indexOf() method which returns a position index of a word within the string if found. Otherwise it returns -1.<br />
<br />
public class SearchStringEmp{<br />
public static void main(String[] args) {<br />
String strOrig = "Hello readers";<br />
int intIndex = strOrig.indexOf("Hello");<br />
<br />
if(intIndex == - 1) {<br />
System.out.println("Hello not found");<br />
} else {<br />
System.out.println("Found Hello at index " + intIndex);<br />
}<br />
}<br />
}<br />
<br />
<b>Result</b><br />
<b>The above code sample will produce the following result.</b><br />
<b><br /></b>
<b>Found Hello at index 0</b><br />
<br />
This example shows how we can search a word within a String object<br />
<br />
public class HelloWorld {<br />
public static void main(String[] args) {<br />
String text = "The cat is on the table";<br />
System.out.print(text.contains("the"));<br />
}<br />
}<br />
<br />
<b>Result</b><br />
<b>The above code sample will produce the following result.</b><br />
<b><br /></b>
<b>true</b>Inspirationshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05568135084795206828noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8973127061906162504.post-21908044464475131432017-01-18T10:19:00.002+05:302017-01-18T10:19:47.970+05:30How to reverse a String?Following example shows how to reverse a String after taking it from command line argument .The program buffers the input String using StringBuffer(String string) method, reverse the buffer and then converts the buffer into a String with the help of toString() method.<br />
<br />
public class StringReverseExample{<br />
public static void main(String[] args) {<br />
String string = "abcdef";<br />
String reverse = new StringBuffer(string).reverse().toString();<br />
System.out.println("\nString before reverse: "+string);<br />
System.out.println("String after reverse: "+reverse);<br />
}<br />
}<br />
<br />
<b>Result</b><br />
<b>The above code sample will produce the following result.</b><br />
<b><br /></b>
<b>String before reverse:abcdef</b><br />
<b>String after reverse:fedcba</b><br />
<br />
<b>Example</b><br />
<br />
Following another example shows how to reverse a String after taking it from command line argument<br />
<br />
import java.io.*;<br />
import java.util.*;<br />
<br />
public class HelloWorld {<br />
public static void main(String[] args) {<br />
String input = "tutorialspoint";<br />
char[] try1 = input.toCharArray();<br />
for (int i = try1.length-1;i>=0;i--) System.out.print(try1[i]);<br />
}<br />
}<br />
<br />
<b>The above code sample will produce the following result.</b><br />
<b><br /></b>
<b>tniopslairotut </b>Inspirationshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05568135084795206828noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8973127061906162504.post-83980768008143356232017-01-18T10:17:00.004+05:302017-01-18T10:17:52.187+05:30How to replace a substring inside a string by another one ?This example describes how replace method of java String class can be used to replace character or substring by new one.<br />
<br />
public class StringReplaceEmp{<br />
public static void main(String args[]){<br />
String str = "Hello World";<br />
System.out.println( str.replace( 'H','W' ) );<br />
System.out.println( str.replaceFirst("He", "Wa") );<br />
System.out.println( str.replaceAll("He", "Ha") );<br />
}<br />
}<br />
<br />
<br />
<b>Result</b><br />
<b>The above code sample will produce the following result.</b><br />
<b><br /></b>
<b>Wello World</b><br />
<b>Wallo World</b><br />
<b>Hallo World</b>Inspirationshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05568135084795206828noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8973127061906162504.post-76301026352221206592017-01-17T09:43:00.000+05:302017-01-17T09:43:12.596+05:30How to remove a particular character from a string ?Following example shows hoe to remove a character from a particular position from a string with the help of removeCharAt(string,position) method.<br />
<br />
public class Main {<br />
public static void main(String args[]) {<br />
String str = "this is Java";<br />
System.out.println(removeCharAt(str, 3));<br />
}<br />
public static String removeCharAt(String s, int pos) {<br />
return s.substring(0, pos) + s.substring(pos + 1);<br />
}<br />
}<br />
<br />
<br />
<b>Result</b><br />
<b>The above code sample will produce the following result.</b><br />
<b><br /></b>
<b>this is Java</b><br />
<div>
<br /></div>
Inspirationshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05568135084795206828noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8973127061906162504.post-70303330624804590912017-01-17T09:41:00.004+05:302017-01-17T09:41:37.195+05:30How to search the last position of a substring ?This example shows how to determine the last position of a substring inside a string with the help of strOrig.lastIndexOf(Stringname) method.<br />
<br />
public class SearchlastString {<br />
public static void main(String[] args) {<br />
String strOrig = "Hello world ,Hello Reader";<br />
int lastIndex = strOrig.lastIndexOf("Hello");<br />
<br />
if(lastIndex == - 1){<br />
System.out.println("Hello not found");<br />
} else {<br />
System.out.println("Last occurrence of Hello is at index "+ lastIndex);<br />
}<br />
}<br />
}<br />
<br />
<b>Result</b><br />
<br />
<b>The above code sample will produce the following result.</b><br />
<b><br /></b>
<b>Last occurrence of Hello is at index 13</b><br />
<br />
<b>Example</b><br />
<br />
This another example shows how to determine the last position of a substring inside a string with the help of strOrig.lastIndexOf(Stringname) method.<br />
<br />
public class HelloWorld{<br />
public static void main(String []args) {<br />
String t1 = "Tutorialspoint";<br />
int index = t1.lastIndexOf("p");<br />
System.out.println(index);<br />
}<br />
}<br />
<br />
<b>The above code sample will produce the following result.</b><br />
<b><br /></b>
<b>9</b>Inspirationshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05568135084795206828noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8973127061906162504.post-58903896275231287782017-01-13T11:17:00.003+05:302017-01-13T11:17:25.900+05:30How to compare two strings in Java ?Following example compares two strings by using str <b>compareTo</b> (string), str compare<b>ToIgnoreCase</b>(String) and str <b>compareTo</b>(object string) of string class and returns the ascii difference of first odd characters of compared strings.<br />
<br />
public class StringCompareEmp{<br />
public static void main(String args[]){<br />
String str = "Hello World";<br />
String anotherString = "hello world";<br />
Object objStr = str;<br />
<br />
System.out.println( str.compareTo(anotherString) );<br />
System.out.println( str.compareToIgnoreCase(anotherString) );<br />
System.out.println( str.compareTo(objStr.toString()));<br />
}<br />
}<br />
<br />
<b>Result</b><br />
<b>The above code sample will produce the following result.</b><br />
<b><br /></b>
<b>-32</b><br />
<b>0</b><br />
<b>0</b><br />
<br />
<b>String compare by equals()</b><br />
<br />
This method compares this string to the specified object. The result is true if and only if the argument is not null and is a String object that represents the same sequence of characters as this object.<br />
<br />
public class StringCompareequl{<br />
public static void main(String []args){<br />
String s1 = "tutorialspoint";<br />
String s2 = "tutorialspoint";<br />
String s3 = new String ("Tutorials Point");<br />
System.out.println(s1.equals(s2));<br />
System.out.println(s2.equals(s3));<br />
}<br />
}<br />
<br />
<b>The above code sample will produce the following result.</b><br />
<br />
<b>true </b><br />
<b><br /></b>
<b>false </b><br />
<br />
String compare by == operator<br />
public class StringCompareequl{<br />
public static void main(String []args){<br />
String s1 = "tutorialspoint";<br />
String s2 = "tutorialspoint";<br />
String s3 = new String ("Tutorials Point");<br />
System.out.println(s1 == s2);<br />
System.out.println(s2 == s3);<br />
}<br />
}<br />
<br />
<b>The above code sample will produce the following result.</b><br />
<br />
<b>true</b><br />
<b><br /></b>
<b>false </b>Inspirationshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05568135084795206828noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8973127061906162504.post-69509077018947237962017-01-11T10:58:00.000+05:302017-01-11T10:58:01.050+05:30Environment in Java programming<b><span style="font-size: large;">Commonly used examples:-</span></b><br />
<br />
1. <a href="http://computerlearningcentre.blogspot.in/2017/01/how-to-compile-java-file.html" target="_blank">How to compile a java file?</a><br />
<br />
2.<a href="http://computerlearningcentre.blogspot.in/2017/01/how-to-set-multiple-classpath-in-java.html" target="_blank"> How to run a class file?</a><br />
<br />
3. <a href="http://computerlearningcentre.blogspot.in/2017/01/how-to-set-destination-of-class-file.html" target="_blank">How to debug a java file</a>?<br />
<br />
4. <a href="http://computerlearningcentre.blogspot.in/2017/01/how-to-set-classpath.html" target="_blank">How to set classpath?</a><br />
<br />
5. <a href="http://computerlearningcentre.blogspot.in/2017/01/how-to-view-current-classpath.html" target="_blank">How to view current classpath?</a><br />
<br />
6. <a href="http://computerlearningcentre.blogspot.in/2017/01/how-to-set-destination-of-class-file_9.html" target="_blank">How to set destination of the class file?</a><br />
<br />
7. <a href="http://computerlearningcentre.blogspot.in/2017/01/how-to-run-class-file.html" target="_blank">How to run a compiled class file?</a><br />
<br />
8. <a href="http://computerlearningcentre.blogspot.in/2017/01/how-to-check-version-of-java-running-on.html" target="_blank">How to check version of java running on your system?</a><br />
<br />
9. <a href="http://computerlearningcentre.blogspot.in/2017/01/how-to-set-classpath-when-class-files.html" target="_blank">How to set classpath when class files are in .jar file?</a><br />
<br />Inspirationshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05568135084795206828noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8973127061906162504.post-65499773008882099762017-01-11T10:50:00.004+05:302017-01-11T10:50:56.988+05:30How to set classpath when class files are in .jar file?Following example shows how to set class path when classes are stored in a .jar or .zip file.<br />
<br />
<b>c:> java -classpath C:\java\myclasses.jar utility.testapp.main</b><br />
<b><br /></b>
<b>Result</b><br />
<br />
The above code sample will produce the following result.<br />
<br />
<b>Class path set.</b>Inspirationshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05568135084795206828noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8973127061906162504.post-75555404885224721542017-01-11T10:49:00.000+05:302017-01-11T10:49:30.947+05:30How to check version of java running on your system?Following example shows how to check version of java installed on your system using version argument with java command.<br />
<br />
<b>java -version</b><br />
<b><br /></b>
<b>Result</b><br />
<br />
The above code sample will produce the following result.<br />
<br />
<b>java version "1.6.0_13"</b><br />
<b>Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.6.0_13-b03)</b><br />
<b>Java HotSpot(TM) Client VM (build 11.3-b02, mixed mode, sharing)</b>Inspirationshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05568135084795206828noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8973127061906162504.post-33178174915625929052017-01-09T10:14:00.002+05:302017-01-09T10:14:40.335+05:30How to run a class file?Following example shows how to run a class file from command prompt using java command.<br />
<br />
<b>c:\jdk\demoapp>java First </b><br />
<b><br /></b>
<b>Result</b><br />
<br />
The above code sample will produce the following result.<br />
<br />
<b>Demo application executed.</b>Inspirationshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05568135084795206828noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8973127061906162504.post-53122849381148419632017-01-09T10:12:00.000+05:302017-01-09T10:12:36.431+05:30How to set destination of the class file?Following example shows how to set destination of the class file that will be created after compiling a java file using <b>-d option with javac command.</b><br />
<br />
<b>c:> javac demo.java -d c:\myclasses </b><br />
<br />
<b>Result</b><br />
<br />
The above code sample will produce the following result.<br />
<br />
<b>Demo application executed.</b>Inspirationshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05568135084795206828noreply@blogger.com0